Last night in class Keith Florian taught us how to escape the headlock while the defender is on the ground in three different ways. I'm going to try my best to describe the key points and steps needed to escape the headlock such that I can remember what to do when I'm on the ground and in a headlock.
In all cases, the attacker is cradling the defenders head, and the defender who is on his back should ALWAYS (very important) turn on his side facing the attacker.
This isn't quite the same as we learned in class, but this is similar enough: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrBc0pDYAQg
EDIT: Half way through this krav maga video, you can see the three different techniques that will be discussed below.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDCAzTQQFpQ
1.) This situation involves the attacker posting up on the defenders chest, and keeping his head up and away.
The first thing the defender should do is create a pillar with the arm closest to the ground forming a 90 degree angle with the ground, while the other arm has the blade of the forearm into the neck of the attacker and grasping hands. This should be uncomfortable for the attacker, and might be enough to cause him to release the head lock.
Next step is to scoot your butt away from the attacker. Then when there's enough space, wrap your leg around the neck of the attacker and lock your legs together around his neck. This should obviously be uncomfortable for the attacker as well.
Finally, after you peel his arm and control his arm and leg, unwrap your leg and drive forward so that you're now in side mount.
2.) This situation supposes that the attacker has decided to pull your head and his head together, such that there is no space for you to post against his neck. He also will be using one of his legs to post up against you, such that one of his legs is forming a triangle with the ground. In this case, you want to wrap your arms around him and grab his arm, like you are hugging him + his arm.
Next you want to wrap one of your legs around his leg that is being used to post up against you. From here you can drive at a 45 degree... Not above you, and not to the side, but at a 45 degree angle such that you are now pushing his face into the mat. From here, you should be driving your shoulder into the middle of his back, and you should be able to squeeze your head out as his arm is now in an awkward spot. You now have his back.
3.) Assuming that the attacker has his head against yours and decides to curl up so that you can't hook his leg you can start off this defense by hugging him and his arm again, but this time instead of continuing to drive at a 45 degree, you drive and then pull the otherside and bridge so that you pull him to the otherside of you. From here you should be able to peel his arm off your head, and control him from side mount.
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